Manyan's Blog

Halo, sobat Manyan! Pernahkah kamu membayangkan, “Kalau aku kaya, aku akan keliling dunia”? Atau, “Jika besok hujan, aku tidak pergi ke sekolah”? Nah, kalimat-kalimat seperti itu dalam bahasa Inggris disebut conditional sentences atau kalimat pengandaian. Conditional sentences sangat penting karena sering digunakan untuk menyatakan harapan, kemungkinan, situasi imajinatif, bahkan penyesalan! Yuk, kita pelajari bersama struktur, jenis-jenis, rumus, dan contoh lengkapnya.

Apa itu Conditional Sentences ? 

Conditional sentences adalah kalimat yang menyatakan syarat atau kondisi tertentu yang harus terpenuhi agar suatu hasil bisa terjadi. Biasanya, conditional sentences terdiri dari dua bagian If Clause dan Main Clause. Conditional Sentences terdapat 4 jenis yang pola dan aturan penggunaan nya berbeda, apa saja itu ?

1. Zero Conditional, Menyatakan suatu fakta umum/kebiasaan ataupun hukum alam yang selalu benar dengan rumus (If + Simple Present, Simple Present), cukup mudahh bukan ? berikut beberapa contohnya : 
   • If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
   • If people don’t eat, they get hungry.
   • If you eat your lunch box, mother feels happy.
   • If red mixes with white, it definitely turns out pink.
   • If people don't sleep enough, they feel tired.
2. First Conditional, Menyatakan suatu kemungkinan di masa depan dengan rumus (If + Simple Present, will + Verb 1), berikut beberapa contohnya: 
   • If it rains, I will bring an umbrella.
   • If it rains, we will cancel our trip.
   • If she calls, I will tell her the news.
   • If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
   • If you are here, I will tell you my feelings.
   • If Desi and Ratu have their dinner late, they will catch a cold.
   • If I have time tomorrow, I will finish my essay
3. Second Conditional, Menyatakan situasi imajiner/andai-andaikan meskipun belum nyata atau kecil kemungkinannya terjadi saat ini/masa depan dengan rumus (If + Simple Past, would + Verb 1).
   • If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
   • If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
   • If I had more free time, I would learn another language.
   • If people recycled more, the world would be cleaner.
   • If I lived near the beach, I would swim every morning.
   • If I were you, I would take the job.
   • If you worked out, you would have an ideal body shape.
   • If you studied hard, you would pass your exam.
4. Third Conditional, Menyatakan suatu penyesalan di masa lalu atau membayangkan hasilnya jika situasi tersebut terjadi (penyesalan atau angan-angan masa lalu) dengan rumus (If + Past Perfect, would have + V3) dengan contoh :
   • If you had told me, I would have helped you.
   • If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test.
   • If they had left earlier, They wouldn't have missed the flight.
   • If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.
   • If she had studied harder, she would have passed the test.
   • If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have had an accident.
   • Sinta would have helped you if you had asked for it.
5. Mixed Conditional, Menyatakan suatu kombinasi kondisi di masa lalu dan juga kondisi sekarang. Dengan rumus (If + Past Perfect, would + Verb 1 (hasil di masa kini) atau If + Simple Past, would have + V3 (hasil di masa lalu) :
   • If I had studied medicine, I would be a doctor now, (Andai dulu belajar kedokteran, sekarang aku jadi dokter).
   • If she were more careful, she wouldn’t have made that mistake, (Andai dia lebih hati-hati, dia tidak akan membuat kesalahan itu dulu).
   • If I had taken that job, I would be living in Japan now.
   • If she had studied medicine, She would be a doctor today.
   • If I had known English before, I would communicate better today.

Jadi guyss kita bisa simpulkan bahwasannya Conditional sentences adalah salah satu bagian paling seru dalam belajar grammar bahasa Inggris! Dengan menguasai berbagai jenis kalimat pengandaian, kamu bisa mengekspresikan harapan, imajinasi, penyesalan, dan berbagai kemungkinan secara tepat dan keren. Jangan ragu untuk latihan membuat kalimat sendiri dan mengamati bagaimana penutur asli menggunakan conditional sentences dalam percakapan sehari-hari, film, atau lagu. Jika ingin latihan soal, worksheet, atau infografis, silakan request ya, sobat Manyan! Selamat belajar dan jangan lupa berbagi ke teman-temanmu!